60行代码使用 numpy 实现GPT

用 60 行 python 代码实现 GPT。然后将 OpenAI 发布的经过训练的 GPT-2 模型权重载入，并生成一些文本。

import numpy as np

def gelu(x):
    return 0.5 * x * (1 + np.tanh(np.sqrt(2 / np.pi) * (x + 0.044715 * x**3)))

def softmax(x):
    exp_x = np.exp(x - np.max(x, axis=-1, keepdims=True))
    return exp_x / np.sum(exp_x, axis=-1, keepdims=True)

def layer_norm(x, g, b, eps: float = 1e-5):
    mean = np.mean(x, axis=-1, keepdims=True)
    variance = np.var(x, axis=-1, keepdims=True)
    return g * (x - mean) / np.sqrt(variance + eps) + b

def linear(x, w, b):
    return x @ w + b

def ffn(x, c_fc, c_proj):
    return linear(gelu(linear(x, **c_fc)), **c_proj)

def attention(q, k, v, mask):
    return softmax(q @ k.T / np.sqrt(q.shape[-1]) + mask) @ v

def mha(x, c_attn, c_proj, n_head):
    x = linear(x, **c_attn)
    qkv_heads = list(map(lambda x: np.split(x, n_head, axis=-1), np.split(x, 3, axis=-1)))
    causal_mask = (1 - np.tri(x.shape[0])) * -1e10
    out_heads = [attention(q, k, v, causal_mask) for q, k, v in zip(*qkv_heads)]
    x = linear(np.hstack(out_heads), **c_proj)
    return x

def transformer_block(x, mlp, attn, ln_1, ln_2, n_head):
    x = x + mha(layer_norm(x, **ln_1), **attn, n_head=n_head)
    x = x + ffn(layer_norm(x, **ln_2), **mlp)
    return x

def gpt2(inputs, wte, wpe, blocks, ln_f, n_head):
    x = wte[inputs] + wpe[range(len(inputs))]
    for block in blocks:
        x = transformer_block(x, **block, n_head=n_head)
    return layer_norm(x, **ln_f) @ wte.T

def generate(inputs, params, n_head, n_tokens_to_generate):
    from tqdm import tqdm
    for _ in tqdm(range(n_tokens_to_generate), "generating"):
        logits = gpt2(inputs, **params, n_head=n_head)
        next_id = np.argmax(logits[-1])
        inputs = np.append(inputs, [next_id])
    return list(inputs[len(inputs) - n_tokens_to_generate :])

def main(prompt: str, n_tokens_to_generate: int = 40, model_size: str = "124M", models_dir: str = "models"):
    from utils import load_encoder_hparams_and_params
    encoder, hparams, params = load_encoder_hparams_and_params(model_size, models_dir)
    input_ids = encoder.encode(prompt)
    assert len(input_ids) + n_tokens_to_generate < hparams["n_ctx"]
    output_ids = generate(input_ids, params, hparams["n_head"], n_tokens_to_generate)
    output_text = encoder.decode(output_ids)
    return output_text

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import fire
    fire.Fire(main)

• 参考 https://github.com/jaymody/picoGPT